Inferred summer precipitation for southern Ontario back to AD 610, as reconstructed from ring widths of Thuja occidentalis

نویسندگان

  • Brendan M. Buckley
  • Robert J.S. Wilson
  • Peter E. Kelly
  • Douglas W. Larson
  • Edward R. Cook
چکیده

We present a network of seven ring-width chronologies of eastern white-cedar (Thuja occidentalis L.) from the Niagara Escarpment in southern Ontario, Canada. Using principal component regression, a 350-year June–July precipitation reconstruction (SOR) is developed for the region. Prior to the 20th century, the SOR series shows reasonable coherence, particularly at the decadal scale, with an independent tree-ring-based reconstruction of the Palmer drought severity index (PDSI) for roughly the same region. A weakening of the tree-growth – climate relationship in recent decades results in a regression model explaining 21% of the variance in the original climate series when the recent data are used for calibration. We therefore compromise with a model, calibrated for the period 1900–1960, which explains 33% of the variance. The model, while not terribly strong, does pass verification tests, indicating some degree of predictive skill. The longest chronology in our network, the 2787-year Flowerpot Island (FLOW) chronology, also exhibits common variability with the PDSI reconstruction, particularly on decadal and longer time scales and was used to infer hydroclimatic conditions back to AD 610. The combined information of the SOR, PDSI, and FLOW series suggests that dry conditions existed for the periods 1700–1725, 1750–1800, and 1840–1900, and wet conditions for the periods 1675–1700, 1730–1750, and 1810–1840. Over longer time scales, the FLOW chronology shows that summer precipitation was particularly variable during the 7th, 9th, 13th, and 16th centuries. Résumé : Les auteurs présentent un réseau composé de sept courbes dendrochronologiques du thuya occidental (Thuja occidentalis L.) provenant de l’escarpement du Niagara dans le sud de l’Ontario, au Canada. À l’aide de la régression en composantes principales, ils ont reconstitué les précipitations en juin et juillet depuis 350 ans (SOR) pour cette région. Avant le 20e siècle, la courbe SOR est raisonnablement cohérente, particulièrement à l’échelle décennale, avec une reconstitution indépendante de l’indice de sévérité de sécheresse de Palmer (ISSP) pour à peu près la même région. Une détérioration de la relation entre le climat et la croissance des arbres au cours des dernières décennies fait en sorte qu’un modèle de régression calibré avec des données récentes explique 21 % de la variance dans les courbes originales pour le climat. Les auteurs ont par conséquent fait un compromis avec un modèle calibré sur la période de 1900 à 1960 qui explique 33 % de la variance. Le modèle, bien qu’il ne soit pas très robuste, satisfait les tests de vérification indiquant qu’il a un certain degré de capacité de prédiction. La plus longue courbe dans notre réseau, la courbe de Flowerpot Island (FLOW) qui couvre 2 787 ans, montre également une similitude avec la reconstitution de l’ISSP, particulièrement à l’échelle décennale et à plus grande échelle. Elle a été utilisée pour déduire les conditions hydro-climatiques jusqu’à 610 ans. L’information combinée des courbes SOR, ISSP et FLOW suggère qu’il y a eu des périodes sèches de 1700 à 1725, de 1750 à 1800 et de 1840 à 1900 tandis que les périodes de 1675 à 1700, 1730 à 1750 et 1810 à 1840 ont généralement été humides. Sur des échelles de temps plus longues, la courbe FLOW montre que les précipitations estivales ont été particulièrement variables au cours des 7e, 9e, 13e et 16e siècles. [Traduit par la Rédaction] Buckley et al. 2553

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تاریخ انتشار 2004